Improvement in carriage-axle gauges



l dimitri gime MoDEsT MERK, or ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

' Letterslateat No. 94,834, dated September 14, 1869. d

I IMPROVEMENT IN CARRIAGE-XLII GAUG'ES.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent and making part of Athe same.

To all whom 'it may concern Be it known that I, MoDnsrMnnK, of Roches-l ter, in the county of Monroe, and State of New York,-

have invented certain new and v usefulI'mprovements 1n' Carriage-Axle Gauges;

and 'I do hereby -declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, in whichl--l Figure 1 is aside elevation of the bevel-gauge A, the dotted lines showing a \'erticalsection ofa wheel. "Figure 2 is an elevation of the axle-gauge proper, showing the bevel-gauge in outline..

Figure 3 is a reverse view of the saine, the axle being shown as applied to it, in dotted lines.

Figure 4 shows a straight-edgein dotted lines, laid `bearing with the ground line can be easily found for a wheel lof a certain dishJ To' enable others to' make 'and use my invention, I

will describe its -construction and use.1

It is well understood, that itis desirable that the Ainner -face of the spokes, when immediately below the axle, shouldbe perpendicular to the ground-line and the centre line of the axle, as shown-by iig: 5, and itY is, therefore, necessary, in welding np the axles, that Itheworkman have a guide to determine' the proper "set of the bearing, and-also to make any required i number with thesame inclination.-

The bevel-gauge A, iigs. 1, 2, and4, is composed of 4 the tongue a, having at one end the arm a', projecting at iight angles, o1" nearly so, and" the bladevB, Vmade of a suitable length, and provided with a lateral spur, b, which is pivoted between jaws formed upon the arm u', and bound by 'a clamping-screw, c.

The` tongue ais madeknarrow 'enough to pass `through thev box of the wheel, audits edges are vperfectl y parallel. 1

The object of this device is to determine the angle of the inner face of the spokes, in relation tothe side et the box, and is adjusted as shown in iig. 1.

Upon the axle-`gauge O, `figs. 2 and'3, l provide the cross-head D, held iii any desired position upon the bar O by the key' fand so iitted to-the bar that its innerface shall be exactly'at right angles to it.

At one end of the bar C', I secure the lateral arms e and e', to the inner one c' of' which are pivoted the adjustable templets f and j', as shown in ligs. 2 and Theouter ends of these vtemplets have projecting lips o o formed upon them, restingupon thearm e,

and 'bound to it by vclamping-screws o', iig. 3, which latter slide in slots provided in the arm e.

l The bar C' may be laid oi in feet and inches; as

shown, beginningat the inner edge of the arm e.

The object of this arrangement appears obvious frombiig. 2.

The bevel-gauge A being. applied as shown to the cross-head, the tenipletf is adj usted to correspondwith the blade B, previously adjusted to the wheel.

The templet f is usedto ga'uge the gather or forward inclination of the axle, and Ais adjusted as de# sired, with or without the use of the bevel-gauge.

'It may be desirable, in setting the templets f f',

to use the edges of the fixed projection@ iig. 2, and the spurs x, on the templets,A as guides, which are equiv Adistant from the workingfedge of. the templets, since by this plan a longer bearing is obtained for the tongue of the bevel-gauge upon the cross-head.

The lip z prevents the cross-head from heilig drawn out of truth bytllekey d.

The operation and mode of usingniy invention are' as follows:

Thebevel-gauge A is iirst set, by placing the in-f n ner edgeA of the tonguea against the surface of the box, already bored andl fitted. to the axlc-stub, and adjusting'the bladeB to the inclination ofthe inner face of the spokes, as in iig. 1. At the same time a mark', n, Vis made by suitable ine-ans upon the tongue a, at the inner end of the hub of the wheel.

The bevel-gauge is now transferred to the axlegauge, fig. 2, its tongue put against the face of the cross-head, and thetemplet f' accurately adjusted to v the blade B, after which the cross-head is moved along the bar C', till the length of t-he axle between shoul# -ders is measured between the cross-head and arm e', as shown by the vdotted lines in Iig. 3.

V'lhis length is 'found by laying a straight-edge on the bevel-gauge, as shown in ig.4, and measuring from its edge to tile mark n above mentioned, giving the projection of the hub inside the track of the wheels, which distance, if doubled and subtracted from the predetermined widtliiof ftrack gives the required length.

Zhen the axle is tried upon tle gauge 0,' it rests upon the outer edge of the temp1etf,at the pivoted end,Y and in a notch,vh,'cut in the cross-head, such points'being equidistant from'the bar C', whereby the centre line of the axle is brought parallel with said bar. 'j

1t is obvious' that the inclination of the templet f is that 'of the lower Vside of the axle, for we have centre line of the axle is parallel with C', fig. 3, and the face of D' at right angles to the same, therefore, when the axle conforms to the templet, the inner face of spokes will be perpendicular to the centre line of the axle, when immediately below it.

If desirable, the tongue a, of the bevel-gauge may be graduated, beginning at the inner edge of the arm a', in which case the spur b may be slotted for the clamping-screw c, whereby the gauge may be so adjusted that the edge of a shall rest against the hub of the wheel, and the projection of the same determinedby the graduations.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The bevel-gauge A, composed of tongue a, arm al, and pivoted blade B,'substantially-as and for the purposes set forth. v

2. The axle-gauge C, when used in combination with the bevel-gauge A, for the purposes set forth.

3. The fixed projection i on the face of the bar C', in combinationv with the spurs :c on the templets, for

the purpose speeied.

MODEST MERK.

Witnesses:

F. H. CLEMENT, WM. S. LOUGHBOROUGH. 

